the example above

воздействие электрической дуги на человека
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[Интент]

Параллельные тексты EN-RU

Effects of the electrical arc on human beings

From the above, it is evident that the electrical arc represents a hazard source for people and goods.

The hazards to which a person is exposed due to the release of energy generated by an arc event are:
• burns;
• injuries due to ejection of materials;
• damages to hearing;
• inhalation of toxic gases.

Burns

The high temperature levels of the gases produced by the electrical arc and the expulsion of incandescent metal particles may cause more or less severe burns to people.
Flames can cause all degrees of burn up to carbonization: the red-hot solid bodies, such as the metal fragments of the assembly involved, cause third degree burns, superheated steam causes burns analogous to those by hot liquids whereas radiant heat generally causes less severe burns.

Injuries due to ejection of materials

The ejection of metal particles or other loose items caused by the electrical arc can result in severe injuries to the weakest parts of the human body as, for example, the eyes.
The materials expelled owing to the explosion produced by the arc may penetrate the cornea and hurt it.
The extent of the lesions depends on the characteristics and on the kinetic energy of these objects.
Moreover, the ocular region can sustain injuries to the mucosa because of the gases released by the arc and the emission of ultraviolet and infrared rays can injure the cornea and the retina depending on the radiation wavelengths.

Hearing

As already mentioned, the electrical arc is a real explosion, whose sound may cause permanent injuries to hearing.

Inhalation of toxic gases

The fumes produced by burnt insulating materials and by molten or vaporized metals can be toxic.
The fumes are caused by incomplete burning and are formed by carbon particles and by other solid substances suspended in the air.

[ABB]

Воздействие электрической дуги на человека

Из сказанного выше совершенно очевидно, что электрическая дуга является источником опасности для людей и имущества.

При высвобождении энергии электрической дуги человек может подвергнуться следующим опасностям:
• получение ожогов;
• повреждения от выброса продуктов горения дуги;
• нарушение слуха;
• вдыхание ядовитых газов.

Ожоги

Высокая температура газов, образующихся при горении электрической дуги, и выброс раскаленных частиц металла могут явиться причиной достаточно тяжелых ожогов.
Можно получить любую степень ожогов, вплоть до обугливания. Раскаленные до красна твердые частицы, такие как металлические частицы НКУ, вызывают ожоги третьей степени. Перегретый пар вызывает ожоги, аналогичные ожогам от горячих жидкостей. Лучистая энергия вызывает менее тяжелые ожоги.

Повреждения от выброса продуктов горения дуги

Выброс металлических или иных частиц, происходящий при горении электрической дуги, может привести к серьезным телесным повреждениям, особенно при попадании в глаза.
Частицы, выбрасываемые при горении дуги, могут проникнуть в роговую оболочку глаза и повредить ее.
Степень поражения зависит от характеристик и кинетической энергии выбрасываемых частиц.
Кроме того, газы, выделяющиеся в процессе горения дуги, могут повредить слизистую оболочку глаз, а ультрафиолетовое и инфракрасное излучение – роговую оболочку и сетчатку в зависимости от длины волны воздействующего излучения.

Орган слуха

Как уже упоминалось, электрическая дуга представляет собой реальный взрыв, звук которого может нанести тяжелую травму органу слуха.

Вдыхание ядовитых газов

Продукты горения изоляционных материалов и пары металлов могут быть ядовитыми.
Дым, образующийся при неполном сгорании и содержащий частицы углерода и других веществ, попадает в окружающий воздух.

[Перевод Интент]

Тематики

• НКУ (шкафы, пульты,...)

EN

• effects of the electrical arc on human beings

вышеприведённый пример — the above-cited example, the example above

passe dessus — go over it

tu vois la pile, le livre doit être dessus — you see that pile over there, the book should be on top of it

un gâteau avec du chocolat dessus — a cake with chocolate on top

le prix est marqué dessus — the price is on it

l'étage du dessus — the floor above

le drap de dessus — the top sheet

un gâteau avec des bougies dessus — a cake with candles on top

Tu vois la chaise? Pose le colis dessus. — You see that chair? Put the parcel on it.

Il y a un tabouret; monte dessus pour atteindre l'étagère du haut. — There's a stool; climb on it to reach the top shelf.

c'est écrit dessus — it's written on it

il lui a tiré dessus — he shot at him

l'appartement du dessus — the upstairs flat

les voisins du dessus — the upstairs neighbours

avoir le dessus — to have the upper hand

prendre le dessus — to get the upper hand

La barrière? nous avons sauté par-dessus. — The fence? We jumped over it.

en dessus — above

en dessus de — above

au-dessus — above

la taille au-dessus — the size above, the next size up

au-dessus de — above

au-dessus du lit — above the bed

Tu peux écrire là-dessus. — You can write on there.

"Je démissionne!" Là-dessus, il est parti. — "I resign!" With that, he left.

ci-dessus — above

l'exemple ci-dessus — the example above

efecto invernadero — greenhouse effect

gases invernadero — greenhouse gases

llame el día antes para pedir cita — call the day before for an appointment

el tren ha llegado una hora antes — the train has arrived an hour early

yo llegué antes — I arrived first

antes de 1900 — before 1900

antes de anoche — the night before last

antes de ayer — the day before yesterday

antes de terminado el discurso — before the speech was over

antes de una semana no vamos a saber nada — we won't know anything for a week

antes de nada dejad que me presente — first of all, allow me to introduce myself

antes que nada, hay que mantener la calma — above all, we must keep calm

somos, antes que nada, demócratas — we are first and foremost democrats

antes de que te vayas — before you go

esperamos lograrlo antes de que termine la década — we hope to achieve this before the end of the decade

antes fumaba un paquete de tabaco al día — before, I smoked a packet of cigarettes a day, I used to smoke a packet of cigarettes a day

ya no tienen la alegría de antes — they don't have the joie de vivre they used to have

fue una boda de las de antes — it was an old-style wedding

nunca antes he tenido problemas — I've never had any problems before

no he podido venir antes — I couldn't come any earlier

los viernes salimos un poco antes — on Fridays we leave a little earlier

cuanto antes mejor — the sooner the better

tres páginas antes — three pages before

la calle que hay antes del semáforo — the street before the traffic lights

preferimos ir en tren antes que en avión — we prefer to go by train rather than by plane

antes que irme a la India, preferiría viajar por Europa — rather than going to India, I'd prefer to travel around Europe

lo antes posible — as soon as possible

lo compré el día antes — I bought it the day before

antes de — before

antes de las tres/del accidente — before three/before the accident

antes de Jesucristo — before Christ, BC

no van a llegar antes de dos horas — they won't be here for two hours

le daré la respuesta antes de una semana — I will give you my reply within a week

antes de anoche — the night before last

antes de ayer — the day before yesterday

antes de + inf — before -ing

antes (de) que + subj: antes (de) que me olvide before I forget; no se lo des antes (de) que yo lo vea don't give it to him until I've seen it; antes (de) que tú nacieras — before you were born

antes salíamos más — we used to go out more before

ya no es el mismo de antes — he's not the same person any more

las casas de antes eran más sólidas — in the past houses were more solidly built

yo estaba antes — I was here first

antes que — before

el señor está antes que yo — this gentleman is before me

antes que nada — first of all

mis hijos están antes que tú — my children come before you

cualquier cosa antes que eso — anything but that

antes que verlos pasar hambre robaría — I'd steal rather than see them go hungry

me bajo dos paradas antes — I get off two stops before

antes bien — (liter) on the contrary

antes no — (Chi, Méx fam)

antes no te apuñalaron — you were lucky you didn't get stabbed

lo antes posible — as soon as possible

lo compré el día antes — I bought it the day before

antes de — before

antes de las tres/del accidente — before three/before the accident

antes de Jesucristo — before Christ, BC

no van a llegar antes de dos horas — they won't be here for two hours

le daré la respuesta antes de una semana — I will give you my reply within a week

antes de anoche — the night before last

antes de ayer — the day before yesterday

antes de + inf — before -ing

antes (de) que + subj: antes (de) que me olvide before I forget; no se lo des antes (de) que yo lo vea don't give it to him until I've seen it; antes (de) que tú nacieras — before you were born

antes salíamos más — we used to go out more before

ya no es el mismo de antes — he's not the same person any more

las casas de antes eran más sólidas — in the past houses were more solidly built

yo estaba antes — I was here first

antes que — before

el señor está antes que yo — this gentleman is before me

antes que nada — first of all

mis hijos están antes que tú — my children come before you

cualquier cosa antes que eso — anything but that

antes que verlos pasar hambre robaría — I'd steal rather than see them go hungry

me bajo dos paradas antes — I get off two stops before

antes bien — (liter) on the contrary

antes no — (Chi, Méx fam)

antes no te apuñalaron — you were lucky you didn't get stabbed

codificación de barras — bar coding